Chii Chinonzi Welding?
Iyo weld kugona kwesimbi inoreva kuchinjika kwesimbi zvinhu kune welding process, zvinonyanya kureva kuomerwa kwekuwana yepamusoro-yemhando welded majoini pasi pemamwe welding process mamiriro.Kutaura zvakanyanya, iyo pfungwa ye "weld kugona" inosanganisirawo "kuwanikwa" uye "kuvimbika".Weld kugona kunoenderana nehunhu hwezvinhu uye maitiro emamiriro anoshandiswa.The weld kugona simbi zvinhu haana static asi anokura semuenzaniso, nokuti zvinhu izvo pakutanga vaionekwa kuva varombo mune weld mano, pamwe kukura sainzi uye tekinoroji, itsva nomoto nzira dzave nyore kupinza, kureva kuti weld kugona. zvave nani.Naizvozvo, isu hatigone kusiya maitiro ekuti titaure nezve weld kugona.
Weld kugona kunosanganisira maviri maficha: imwe ndeyekuita kwekubatana, ndiko kuti, kunzwisiswa kwekugadzira welding defects pasi pemamwe welding process mamiriro;chechipiri ibasa rinoshanda, ndiko kuti, kuchinjika kwejoint welded kune zvinodiwa zvekushandisa pasi pemamwe welding process mamiriro.
Welding Nzira
1.Laser welding(LBW）
2.ultrasonic welding (USW)
3.diffusion welding(DFW)
4.etc
1.Welding inzira yekubatanidza zvinhu, kazhinji simbi, nekupisa zvigadziro kusvika pakunyunguduka uye zvino kuvabvumira kuti vatonhore uye vasimbise, kazhinji pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvekuzadza.Iyo weldability yechinhu inoreva kugona kwayo kuve welded pasi pemamwe maitiro ekuita, uye zvinoenderana nezvose zviri zviviri hunhu hwechinhu uye nzira yewelding inoshandiswa.
2.Weldability inogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri: kushanda pamwe chete uye kushanda kunoshanda.Joint performance inoreva kunzwisiswa kwekugadzira hurema hwekugadzira welding pasi pemamwe welding process mamiriro, nepo kuita kwekuita kunoreva kuchinjika kweiyo welded joint kune zvinodiwa zvekushandisa pasi pemamwe welding process mamiriro.
3.Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa, kusanganisira laser welding (LBW), ultrasonic welding (USW), uye diffusion welding (DFW), pakati pevamwe.Sarudzo yewelding nzira inoenderana nemidziyo iri kubatanidzwa, ukobvu hwezvinhu, kusimba kwekubatana kunodiwa, uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Chii chinonzi Laser Welding?
Laser welding, inozivikanwawo selaser beam welding (“LBW”), inyanzvi mukugadzira umo zvidimbu zviviri kana kupfuura zvezvinhu (kazhinji simbi) zvinobatanidzwa pamwechete kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwelaser beam.
Iyo isiri-yekusangana maitiro inoda kuwana kune weld zone kubva kune rimwe divi rezvikamu zviri welded.
Kupisa kwakagadzirwa nelaser kunonyungudutsa zvinhu pamativi ese ejoint, uye sezvo zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvinosanganiswa nekusimbaradza, zvinosanganisa zvikamu.
Iyo weld inoumbwa seyakanyanya laser mwenje inokurumidza kupisa zvinhu - zvinowanzoverengerwa mumamilliseconds.
Laser beam ndeye yakabatana (imwe-chikamu) mwenje weimwe wavelength (monochromatic).Iyo laser beam ine yakaderera danda divergence uye yakakwirira simba zvemukati izvo zvinogadzira kupisa kana yarova pamusoro
Kufanana nemhando dzese dzewelding, iwo mameseji ane basa kana uchishandisa LBW.Iwe unogona kushandisa akasiyana lasers uye akasiyana LBW maitiro, uye pane dzimwe nguva apo laser welding isiri iyo yakanyanya sarudzo.
Laser Welding
Kune marudzi matatu e laser welding:
1.Conduction mode
2.Conduction / penetration mode
3.Penetration kana keyhole mode
Idzi mhando dzelaser welding dzakabatanidzwa nehuwandu hwesimba rinounzwa kusimbi.Funga nezveaya seakaderera, epakati, uye akakwira simba mazinga elaser simba.
Conduction Mode
Conduction modhi inoburitsa yakaderera laser simba kune simbi, zvichikonzera kuderera kwekupinda neakadzika weld.
Izvo zvakanaka kune majoini asingade simba rakakwirira sezvo mhedzisiro imhando yeinoenderera nzvimbo weld.Conduction welds anotsvedzerera uye anoyevedza anonakidza, uye iwo anowanzo fararira kupfuura akadzika.
Kune marudzi maviri ekuita maitiro LBW:
1.Direct Heating:Chikamu chepamusoro chinodziiswa zvakananga nelaser.Kupisa kunobva kwaitwa musimbi, uye zvikamu zvesimbi yepasi zvinonyunguduka, zvichisanganisa mubatanidzwa kana simbi yasimba.
2.Energy Transmission: Ingi yakakosha inotora inotanga kuiswa panzvimbo yejoinhi.Ingi iyi inotora simba re laser uye inogadzira kupisa.Simbi yepasi ichibva yapinza kupisa kuita mutsetse mutete, unonyunguduka, wobva watsikitsira kuita chibatanidza chakasungwa.
Conduction/Penetration Mode
Vamwe vangasabvuma izvi seimwe yemamodhi.Vanonzwa kuti kune marudzi maviri chete;iwe unogona kuitisa kupisa musimbi kana kufambisa kanzira kadiki kesimbi, zvichibvumira laser kudzika musimbi.
Asi iyo conduction / penetration mode inoshandisa "pakati" simba uye inoguma nekuwedzera kupinda.Asi iyo laser haina kusimba zvakakwana kuti iputse simbi senge mu keyhole modhi.
Kupinza kana Keyhole Mode
Iyi modhi inogadzira yakadzika, yakamanikana welds.Saka, vamwe vanoidana kuti penetration mode.Iwo mawelds akagadzirwa anowanzo kudzika kupfuura yakafara uye akasimba kupfuura conduction mode welds.
Nemhando iyi yeLBW welding, laser ine simba repamusoro inonyungudutsa simbi yepasi, ichigadzira mugero wakamanikana unozivikanwa se "keyhole" inodzika ichidzika mujoinhi.Iri "gomba" rinopa mukoto wekuti laser ipinde mukati mesimbi.
Simbi Dzakakodzera dzeLBW
Laser welding inoshanda nesimbi dzakawanda, se:
- Carbon Steel
- Aluminium
- Titanium
- Low alloy uye simbi isina tsvina
- Nickel
- Platinum
- Molybdenum
Ultrasonic welding
Ultrasonic welding (USW) ndiko kubatanidza kana kugadzirisa kwe thermoplastics kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwekupisa kunogadzirwa kubva kune-high-frequency mechanical motion.Inopedzwa nekushandura simba remagetsi repamusoro-soro kuita high-frequency mechanical motion.Iyo mechanic inofamba, pamwe chete nesimba rinoshandiswa, inogadzira kupisa kunokatyamadza pazvikamu zvepurasitiki 'mating nzvimbo (yakabatana nzvimbo) saka zvinhu zvepurasitiki zvinonyunguduka uye zvinogadzira chisungo chemolecular pakati pezvikamu.
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF ULTRASONIC WELDING
1.Zvikamu muFixture: Zvikamu zviviri zve thermoplastic zvinofanira kuunganidzwa zvinoiswa pamwe chete, imwe pamusoro peimwe, mudendere rinotsigira rinonzi fixture.
2.Ultrasonic Horn Contact: A titanium kana aluminium chikamu chinonzi nyanga chinounzwa kusangana nechepamusoro pepurasitiki.
3.Force Inoshandiswa: Simba rinodzorwa kana kumanikidzwa kunoshandiswa kune zvikamu, kusungirirana pamwe chete nekugadzirisa.
4.Weld Time: The ultrasonic nyanga inozunguzirwa vertically 20,000 (20 kHz) kana 40,000 (40 kHz) nguva pasekondi, pamadaro akayerwa muzviuru zve inch (microns), kwenguva yakatarwa inonzi weld time.Kuburikidza nekungwarira chikamu dhizaini, iyi vibratory mechanical simba inotungamirwa kune mashoma mapoinzi ekusangana pakati pezvikamu zviviri.Iyo mechanic vibrations inofambiswa kuburikidza neiyo thermoplastic zvinhu kune yakabatana interface kugadzira kupisa kunopisa.Kana tembiricha iri pajoint interface ichisvika pakunyungudika, mapurasitiki anonyunguduka uye anoyerera, uye kudengenyeka kunomiswa.Izvi zvinobvumira plastiki yakanyunguduka kuti itange kutonhora.
5.Kubata Nguva: Simba rekusungirira rinochengetedzwa kwenguva yakafanotemerwa kubvumira zvikamu kuti zvibatane sezvo plastiki yakanyunguduka inotonhora uye inoomesa.Iyi inozivikanwa senguva yekubata.(Cherechedza: Kuvandudzwa kwesimba remajoini uye hermeticity inogona kuwanikwa nekushandisa simba repamusoro panguva yekubata. Izvi zvinopedzwa uchishandisa dual pressure).
6.Horn Retracts: Kana imwe purasitiki yakanyunguduka yakasimbiswa, simba rekuvhara rinobviswa uye nyanga ye ultrasonic inodzorerwa.Izvo zvikamu zviviri zvepurasitiki zvino zvakabatanidzwa sekunge zvakaumbwa pamwechete uye zvinobviswa kubva mukugadzirisa sechikamu chimwe.
Diffusion Welding, DFW
Kujoinha maitiro nekupisa uye kudzvanywa uko nzvimbo dzekusangana dzinobatanidzwa nekupararira kwemaatomu.
Maitiro
Zvishandiso zviviri [1] pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvinoiswa pakati pemichina miviri [2].Mitsipa yakasarudzika kune yega yega musanganiswa weiyo workpieces, nemhedzisiro yekuti dhizaini nyowani inodiwa kana chigadzirwa dhizaini ichichinja.
Kupisa kwakaenzana ne50-70% yezvinhu zvinonyunguduka zvinobva zvapihwa kune system, zvichiwedzera kufamba kwemaatomu ezviviri izvi.
Michina yacho inobva yatsikirirwa pamwe chete, zvichiita kuti maatomu atange kuparadzaniswa pakati pezvinhu zviri panzvimbo yekubatana [3].Kupararira kunoitika nekuda kwezvishandiso zvekuve zvakasiyana-siyana, nepo kupisa nekumanikidza kunongoita kuti maitiro ave nyore.Kudzvinyirirwa kunoshandiswa kuita kuti zvinhu zvinobata nzvimbo zvive padyo sezvinobvira kuitira kuti maatomu akwanise kupararira zviri nyore.Kana chikamu chinodiwa chemaatomu chaparadzirwa, kupisa nekumanikidza kunobviswa uye kugadzirisa kwekubatanidza kunopedzwa.
